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Travelling and your skincare

travelling skincareFor most women it is almost impossible to step out of the aeroplane with fresh radiant skin. Although lack of sleep during a long flight causes bags and a pale skin, there are also other reasons why flying can be a drain on your skin. Fortunately there are ways in which you can limit the damage or even avoid it.

Both feet back on the ground again?

It has emerged from very recent research that interference with your body clock after long flights can, during the course of the day, cause your skin to become less efficient at protecting against outside influences. So theoretically jetlag can prematurely age your skin. This effect is more noticeable if you are older; when you are younger your body clock has much less difficulty with this change. This makes it additionally important after a long flight to protect your skin with a sun filter and a cream with higher concentrations of anti-oxidants. Good anti-oxidants are, for example, vitamin C (ascorbic acid) and vitamin E (tocopherol).

An occasional spray…

Apart from the fact that your skin has difficulty in adjusting to the new rhythm, it also has trouble retaining moisture during the flight. The dry air in the aeroplane dries your skin out very quickly and an over dry skin is more susceptible to external irritants. So your skin can feel not only dry after a long flight, but also look red and blotchy. This can also be largely avoided. Keep your skin damp by spraying it with water (water from the tap is also good as you may not get through customs with a plant sprayer).

and smear in extra hydrating substances!

If you want to avoid dry skin then the trick is to seal it off while it is still damp with a cream which stops moisture from evaporating! The best thing is good old fashioned vaseline; it is a bit sticky and shiny but it works a treat. And it is a myth that it causes spots, it so happens that it doesn’t block the pores. If you want to do it really thoroughly, firstly apply onto your damp skin a moisturiser which contains substances that retain the moisture like a sponge in your skin (such as hyaluronic acid) and substances which can strengthen and soothe it (eg. Niacinamide). Then over this apply a layer of vaseline! You know, for sure, then that you will step out of the aeroplane with lovely smooth skin.

The ‘basics’ at your destination

At your holiday destination you often have to deal with high temperatures, a lot of sun and a variable humidity. If you want to avoid sun damage (the cause of wrinkles and pigmentation) then it is better to protect your skin not only with a sun cream but also with a cream containing anti-oxidants. If you are on a city break this will also protect your skin against the increased air pollution. Apart from a sun cream and a cream with anti-oxidants, a mild, preferably un-perfumed, cleanser wouldn’t go a miss in your travel bag. At the end of the day you can use this to remove the last traces of dirt and sun cream from your face with ease.

The temperature and humidity

If you are going to a country with high temperatures and humidity, then it’s best not to use an overly rich cream; otherwise there is a big chance that you will suffer from fluid filled bumps or blisters. A water based cream or serum will then be sufficient. If you go to cold climates or often sit in hotels then you most probably have to deal with low humidity. In this case apply the tips that I gave about skincare during flights. It may be wise in this situation to wash your face with a cleanser in the evenings only; cleansing your face twice a day may be just too much of a good thing!

Which factor should you take?

One more tip about the sun cream; unless you have extremely pale skin, using a factor 15 or 30 is likely to be high enough. If you apply a sun cream properly and according to the rules a factor 15 will give just 6% less and a factor 30 just 3% less protection than a total sunblock. Furthermore, the lower factors are often more pleasant to use and generally contain less irritating ingredients.

Regards Jetske.

(Dr. Jetske Ultee-Research Physician Cosmetic Dermatology)

You can also read:
‘Luxury ingredients for your skin’,
‘A healthy barrier function, a healthy skin’,
‘What is a serum?’,
‘Such dry skin”, and
Winter in the Netherlands, what does it do to your skin?

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The search for the anti-wrinkle cream

less wrinklesOn TV!

Yesterday, in her new programme “van den Elsen wacht op antwoord”, my namesake Jetske van Elsen went in search of the truth behind the anti-wrinkle cream. She also paid me a visit to ask a few questions. Those who just can’t flick through to the end of their gripping books need to stop reading for a moment and take a look at the short film below :-)

Cliffhanger…

I won’t keep the rest of you in suspense; you won’t get rid of your wrinkles with normal cosmetic products! In order to treat wrinkles the heavier guns are required; for example, lasers, operations or injections. Vitamin A acid, a cream which is only available on prescription from the Doctor, can improve fine lines but requires a lot of patience. Having said all that there’s no reason to feel disheartened; as I wrote in my previous blog, normal cosmetics can be very beneficial for the skin. There are enough ingredients that can make your skin strong, healthy, smooth and radiant looking. And maybe most important of all; with cosmetics you can take preventative measures against ageing. Just surf for info about substances such as vitamin C and Niacinamide, then you’ll understand what I mean….

Vitamin A acid and what you should know!

Because my mailbox is full of questions about vitamin A acid, since the programme yesterday, here are a couple of things that you really should know as a user!

  • A prescription from the Doctor is required for vitamin A acid. This is not for nothing. Vitamin A acid is a registered medicine and can cause problems if used incorrectly. So you need to very gradually increase its use!
  • You cannot use vitamin A acid during pregnancy.
  •  Vitamin A acid (or tretinoin; the product name) is not the same as Retinol or Retinyl Palmitate. Don’t be fooled….
  •  Only use vitamin A acid in the evenings. It can react badly with light.
  •  Always use vitamin A acid in combination with a cream containing anti-oxidants and soothing ingredients. Such a product can be applied first before the vitamin A acid if you have sensitive skin. If your skin is less sensitive then you can apply it over the vitamin A acid. This is very important. Because chronic irritation of the skin will have an adverse effect!
  • Never pay any more than 15 to 20 euros for a tube. Some chemists think they have seen the light and ask the highest price…
  • Don’t be misled into paying a large amount for a written prescription; some “doctor-sites” ask ridiculous prices. If you don’t have success with your own Doctor ( G.P.) just let me know.
  • Vitamin A acid works, but is not a miracle cure. It will take at least 5 months before you see any difference. It doesn’t work for everyone. We don’t really know why this is.

Regards Jetske.

(Dr. Jetske Ultee-Research Physician Cosmetic Dermatology)

If you want to see the programme again then click on the picture below.

 

You can also read the blogs:
The recipe for beautiful skin,
The recipe for beautiful skin II,
The battle against wrinkles: no time to waste,
The search for your wonder cream,
The use of vitamin A acid,
Vitamin A  and
Ingredients to avoid.

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A radiant 2012

article ADIn the AD

In an article in the AD (Dutch magazine) yesterday, “iedere huid kan stralen”(all skin can glow), I gave some tips on how to get your skin into top condition in 2012. If you have read my blog more often then you’ll know that cosmetic products are less suitable for reducing wrinkles, but can make it smooth, supple and radiant. Your skin can get back its healthy glow through proper skincare.

Small changes make a big difference…

An investigation by the psychologists Fink, Grammar and Thornhill shows yet again that the latter is far more important than the wrinkles. In Evolution & Human Behaviour, they wrote that people with a smooth and fine textured skin were sometimes estimated as being 20 years younger. They researched this by putting edited photographs of people in front of volunteers. Wrinkles were deliberately left out of the sample photographs so had no influence on the results! Samsson, Fink and Mats also showed in a recent study that skin texture and tone were very important. They demonstrated that through a small improvement people were soon assessed as a being lot more healthy and/or younger.

Sneak previewDr. Jetskes skin book

Even though the title of my book is mentioned in the article, it has not yet been released for sale. If you send me an e-mail, I will keep you posted. Below is a sneak preview of the cover 

Regards Jetske.

(Dr. Jetske Ultee-Research Physician Cosmetic Dermatology)

You can also read the blogs:
Different types of pigment’,
An older skin through pigmentation?’,
hydroquinone’,
‘A dehydrated skin (and hydrating substances)’,
an exfoliant as part of the step–by-step plan’.

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Different products. Or maybe not …

different productsMany people don’t realise that in the land of cosmetics, there are great deal of identical twins to be found. In other words; the shelves are full of products with the same ingredients but very different names. Very amusing when you realise this… You may even find that the same list of ingredients from a cheaper product is also found on its three times more expensive twin brother. It is therefore not uncommon for the products to come out of the same factory.

A real puzzle

In order to make it more confusing for us, a miniscule amount of ingredients is sometimes added (known as Angel dusting…) or a basic ingredient is replaced by an equivalent ingredient with another name. To confuse us even more you often find almost identical ingredients lists printed on products with different functions. Consider the formulas for a day cream, night cream, eye cream or sometimes even a body lotion or hand cream.

Kill two (or even more!) birds with one stone

It’s good to know that many cosmetic products have more than one function; that saves money. And imagine what room you have left over in your suitcase if you use your mild shampoo instead of a shower gel or soap, your hair conditioner as shaving foam for your legs and that body oil as a bath oil…

Then you’ll definitely have enough room next summer to take those favourite 10 pairs of shoes on holiday ;-) Have a great party tomorrow! And I wish everyone a happy and healthy 2012…

Regards Jetske

(Dr. Jetske Ultee-Research Physician Cosmetic Dermatology)

I can’t go without showing you this example below of two products which are really very similar. Lancome with a retail price of almost 70 euros (for 30ml) is more than 45 euros more expensive than Youth code from L’oreal. Even though, in fact, the product from L’oreal actually contains more active ingredients than the product from Lancome. I’d also like to mention that both products contain a high concentration of alcohol; so if you have dry and/or sensitive skin then both of these products are less suitable for you….

L'oreal Youth CodeWater, Bifida Ferment Lysate, Glycerin, Alcohol Denatured, Dimethicone, Hydroxyethylpiperazine Ethane
Sulfonic Acid, Sodium Hyaluronate , PEG-20 Methyl Glucose Sesquistearate, Palmitoyl
Oligopeptide, Palmitoyl Tetrapeptide 7, Adenosine, Ammonium Polyacrylatedimethyl Taurate, N Hydroxysuccinimide, Sodium Benzoate, Xanthan Gum, Chrysin, Caprylyl Glycol, Disodium EDTA, Octyldodecanol, Citric Acid, Limonene, Fragrance

Lancome GenifiqueWate, Bifida Ferment Lysate, Glycerin, Alcohol Denat., Dimethicone, Hydroxyethylpiperazine Ethane Sulfonic Acid, Sodium Hyaluronate, Phenoxyethanol, PEG-20 Methyl Glucose Sesquistearate,
PEG-60 Hydrogenated Castor Oil, Salicyloyl Phytosphingosine, Ammonium Polyacryloyldimethyl Taurate, Xanthan Gum, Caprylyl Glycol, Disodium EDTA, Octyldodecanol, Citric Acid, Citronellol, Limonene, Fragrance

You can also read the blogs:
‘the safety of cosmetics; who actually regulates it?’,
research shows that…’,
Myth; a night cream is specifically for night time ’,
Is an expensive moisturiser better?’,
Do anti-oxidants also really work in a cream?’ and
Anti-wrinkle creams’.

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Oily skin

skincare oily skinDetermining your skin type is not as easy as it sounds! Because are those bumps really acne or just a result of an over sensitive skin? And what actually is the difference between a “dehydrated” and a “dry” skin? You just have to google it and you become completely disheartened. If you have been able to find out what your skin type is, you then need to start searching for suitable products . But don’t worry help is on its way! Today is part 3 in the mini course “know your skin”:-)

I have written previously about dry skin and sensitive skin, and now for the first time about oily skin.

Do you have oily skin?

An increase in sebum production makes your skin – or a certain part of your skin – more oily. For some people it is obvious that they have oily skin. Throughout the course of the day the skin becomes increasingly shiny and you just have to press your nose against glass and you’ll need more than a squirt of glass cleaner to wipe it off. But it is not so obvious for people with combination skin. People with over dry and irritated skin can also have an increased sebum production due to de-greasing skincare products. If you suspect that you belong to this group, then I would like to refer you to my earlier blogs on this topic and the skin analysis that I have designed.

To do!

Find a skincare regime to suit your skin! If you use unsuitable creams your pores will become clogged more quickly. Over cleansing your skin and using harsh products dries your skin out which in turn leads to an increase in sebum production…

  1. Find a mild cleanser which is preferably non-foaming. A foaming cleanser often contains more ‘detergents’ and cleaning agents. This may feel nice directly after washing but is not best for the long term. It is not only the dirt and over produced oil that is removed but also the skin’s natural oil which it needs. As a consequence your skin produces extra sebum which only makes your skin more oily. A cleanser which contains too much oil is not nice for oily skin either.
  2. Avoid harsh toners with alcohol, mint or other fresh smelling substances that make your skin tingle. This is not a good sign! For oily skin a toner with soothing and anti-inflammatory substances is very important! These can even be used in place of the moisturiser on the most oily parts of the face whilst still caring for your skin!
  3. For more oily skin an exfoliant is a must. Using an exfoliant prevents the blocking of the sebaceous glands. The best choice is salicylic acid. This ingredient penetrates deep into your pores and keeps them clean. Dead skin cells and sebum are gently removed: the skin becomes fresh and radiant looking. It even has an anti-inflammatory effect.
  4. Use a moisturiser only on the more dry parts of the face. On the more oily parts a toner containing active ingredients can even be used instead of a cream. A moisturiser can make oily skin too shiny and even cause problems such as spots. Choose a water-based moisturiser (with aqua as the first ingredient on the INCI list). Silicone based substances such as dimethicone are also suitable for the more oily skin.
  5. Use just a light SPF (aqua should be listed first on the ingredients list) .
  6. If you do want to apply a mask occasionally, then use a clay mask. You can buy clay powder at a health food shop; it will save you money. Another good option for oily skin is a papaya-honey mask. You can see how to make this on my blog.

Substances for an oily skin

Search for ingredients which are good for an oily skin. These are substances such as liquorice root extract (glycyrrhiza glabra) and green tea, but also papaya, quercetin and beta-glucan. Vitamin C is also a very suitable ingredient, as is niacinamide which among other things controls sebum. Irritating ingredients such as alcohol or mint are best avoided; they make your skin become dried out and cause premature ageing. You are also better off leaving out the following substances if you have oily skin. They can block the pores:

  • Acetylated lanolin alcohol
  • C12-C15 alcohols benzoate
  • Coconut oil
  • Decaglyceryl decaoleate
  • Decyl oleate
  • Grape seed oil
  • Hexylene glycol
  • Hydrogenated lanolin
  • Isocetyl stearate
  • Isopropyl isostearate
  • Isopropyl lanolate
  • Isopropyl linoleate
  • Isopropyl myristate
  • Isopropyl palmitate
  • Isostearic acid
  • Lanolic acid
  • Myreth 3 myristate
  • Myristyl lactate
  • Myristyl myristate
  • Myristyl propionate
  • Oleic acid
  • Oleyl alcohol
  • Peach kernel oil
  • Sweet almond oil

Oily skin has feelings too!

Oily skin as well as dry skin can be sensitive! Harsh products not only make your skin irritated but can also cause flaking. The flaking will go naturally when you start to use mild products. If this doesn’t happen then it is possible that you have a skin condition known as ‘seborrhoeic eczaema’. Your skin is usually irritated, red and can itch. For this you should see your Doctor or Dermatologist.

Another tip: it is often thought that people with acne have oily skin. This is not necessarily the case! Therefore have a good look at your skin.

Regards Jetske.

(Dr. Jetske Ultee-Research Physician Cosmetic Dermatology)

Also read the blogs:
‘A healthy barrier function, a healthy skin’,
‘Alcohol in skincare products; rather not’,
‘Enlarged pores stay enlarged pores’,
Anti-wrinkle creams’,
‘Paraben free cosmetics?’ and
‘A too clean skin’.

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Celebration!

Celebration cakeThere is a celebration today, but before I tell you more about it I would like to say something about my two different hats. If I give interviews or write pieces for my blog I do that as independently as possible. And I think I pretty much achieve that ! But as most people know by now, I also have my own product line; Uncover Skincare. Tricky sometimes; I am always afraid that people think that I give my advice in order to promote my own products. Because this really isn’t the case and I want to avoid giving such an impression, I almost never talk about my own skincare products. Furthermore, I don’t spend money on expensive advertisements and advertising campaigns. I prefer to spend this on the products, my blog and research ( ok, and very occasionally on a new pair of shoes:-)).

Proud nevertheless…

Anyway, today I have my other hat (or party hat) on and this time it is about Uncover Skincare. It is now precisely a year ago that my own skincare products came into the world. And that, I am very proud of! I developed the products because, in my opinion, there were not enough products available with safe and well researched active ingredients which also came in high concentrations. And I knew that; it was a difficult birth! The first version of my products had indeed high concentrations of active ingredients, but was brown, didn’t smell so nice and was too runny. After many attempts ( now I know why those manufacturers put such low concentrations in their products…) we have finally been successful in making very good products without having to compromise on the quality at all.

A year later

Meanwhile we are a year down the line. So when the products were finally brought to life last year, I didn’t dare dream that Uncover Skincare would grow so quickly. I am so proud of its success when I see the brand name in magazines such as Cosmopolitan, Linda, Glamour and Marie Claire. Uncover Skincare has in its first year even reached newspapers such as NRC, Algemeen Dagblad and Parool. That is all thanks to the people who had faith in us from the start! Even though there were a few teething problems along the way… I get palpitations when I think about the broken labels, failing internet checkouts and all the distribution problems.

It’s not so unusual then that today all of our regular customers receive a celebratory mail to thank them for their support. We also have a surprise for our non regular customers; just go to Facebook or Twitter….

As if that isn’t a bright start to 2012!

Regards Jetske.

(Dr. Jetske Ultee-Research Physician Cosmetic Dermatology)

p.s. to Hanneke, Agnes and Dagmar from the “Uncover team”; you’re the best!

You can also read:
‘bubbling cauldrons and smoke clouds above the Uncover factory’,
‘happy new year’,
‘rubbish on the cosmetics market’ and
‘start the new year with radiant skin’.

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Cosmetic products for men: better safe than sorry!

sun menI have already written about the difference between men’s and women’s skin. Because men have more sebaceous glands their skin is more oily than that of women’s. Alongside this men have more collagen, elastin and sebum/hair follicles which “support” the skin. This makes men’s skin also slightly thicker (as if we didn’t already know that…:-)). Because the framework of the man’s skin is stronger, wrinkles and sagging skin take longer to appear. Not fair but true!

Greater damage by the sun

Nevertheless men have a big disadvantage. They run around three times more risk of getting skin cancer (squamous cell carcinoma and basal cell carcinoma) than women. It has always been thought that this higher risk is caused due to men being in the sun more often and protecting themselves less well. It seems though that there is another factor that has come into play! In fact, research now shows that the damage, resulting from exposure to a certain amount of sunlight, is greater in men than in women (abstract). Despite the fact that men don’t burn as quickly!

Anti-oxidants in male mice

The University of Ohio was curious about the reason for this difference and has carried out more extensive research into this. This month they revealed that male mice are found to have less naturally occurring anti-oxidants (catalase) in their skin than the females. And this may now also be, just as in humans, the reason for the higher incidence of skin cancer in men. An interesting finding; it could mean that daily use of a cream with anti-oxidants and/or a sun filter is far more important for your husband’s skin than for yours! Now you know exactly what to give him for Christmas….

Regards Jetske.

(Dr. Jetske Ultee-Research Physician Cosmetic Dermatology)

You can read here the news article ‘lower antioxidant level might explain higher skin cancer rate in males’.

You can also read the blogs:
‘women and men’s cosmetics; spot the difference’,
special skincare for men?’,
anti-oxidants in cosmetic products’,
do anti-oxidants really work in a cream?’,
anti-wrinkle creams’ and
getting older’.

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Skincare can also go off….

toilet bagIt was that time again last week for a big end of year clear-out of my toilet bag. Not so extravagant, as cosmetic products have a limited shelf life and using out of date products can cause a heap of problems. And I’ll bet that you also have products in your bathroom in which a little too much bacteria and fungus are swimming around!

How do I know if my products are still alright to use?

In the Netherlands all skincare products have an open pot symbol with a number. This number signifies how many months the product is still useable for after opening. open pot symbolThis is no guarantee that your product is still in order though. That depends on how long the product has been in the distribution centre, the way you use it, the composition and the packaging of the product and the preservatives used. If there is ‘no open pot symbol’ on the packaging then there should be an expiry date on it.

Remember the following:

  • products in pots have the shortest shelf life; it is better, therefore, to choose products in dispensers.
  • water based products (where water is listed first) go off more quickly than oil based products.
  • products containing mineral oils generally have a longer shelf life than products containing plant oils.
  • “green” products generally have a shorter shelf life. Plant based ingredients go off more quickly and besides this they mainly contain milder and less preservatives.

In general you can expect moisturisers, foundations and toners to have a shelf life of up to 12 months after opening. If the product is in a pot or it is plant based you can expect it to last for up to 6 months. A salicylic or glycolic acid based exfoliant has a longer shelf life. Don’t confuse the expiry date of a product with the effectiveness. Even if your product is still well in date the effectiveness may be substantially reduced. Products with anti-oxidants usually lose their strength a year after production. So before buying an expensive product check the production date.

And what about make-up?

Make-up products that need to be thrown away:

  • Mascara after approximately 3 months.
  • Liquid eyeliner and lip gloss after approximately 6 months.
  • Eye and lip pencils after 1 year.
  • Eye shadow and powder after 18 months.

No you just have to hope that Sinterklaas and Father Christmas make sure that that toilet bag gets refilled! There’s an hollow sound in my bathroom now….

If you are still not convinced just look through the list of ingredients to avoid below and shudder: Perfume – all types of alcohol (apart from if they are at the very end of the ingredients list/ except those with cetyl, stearyl, cetearyl and lanolin added) – Balsam of Peru – Bergamot – Cinnamic acid – Minty substances – Eucalyptus – Camphor – Citrus substances – Lavender – Geranium – Methylisothiazolinone – Tea tree oil – Witch hazel – Ylang ylang – Oxybenzone – PABA – Propylene glycol – Sodium lauryl sulphate – Methyl nicotinate – Synthetic dyes – Acetone.

Regards Jetske.

(Dr. Jetske Ultee-Research Physician Cosmetic Dermatology)

You can also read the blogs:
‘pots are for the recycle bin’,
‘the safety of cosmetics, who actually oversees it?’,
‘paraben free cosmetics?’,
‘make-up’,
‘argan oil, the new wonder drug?’ and
natural cosmetics. Safe or not?

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My book!!!

Skincare book Jetske UlteeI really wanted to write a book about skincare… My head is so full of information; that it simply needed to be put down on paper! Meanwhile two years down the line and Giphart, van Royen and Nigella have become my biggest heroes. Because writing a book is chewing through, abandoning, losing heart, and yet again carrying on. A bit like giving birth actually; So I regard the book as my fifth child. Last week the almost final result was presented by the Studio Room, Graphic Design Agency. Complete with photographs! I could so have been in the commercial for Fisherman’s Friend…

The art of letting go

It was almost impossible for me to submit the final text. Although the basis of the book was quickly put down on paper, I still had the feeling that it was not complete. And the latest developments in the area of skincare really needed to be included! And to all those people around me who said that if that’s the case there would never be a book because there are always new discoveries being made, I didn’t really listen…. Until one day I reconciled with the idea that I had to let go and thought to myself that I could always write a part 2, 3 or 4.

It won’t be out in time for Christmas but it will be at the printers, so if you want to be kept informed of the latest then mail me at (jetske@jetskeultee.nl).

Have a good weekend, regards Jetske.

(Dr. Jetske Ultee-Research Physician Cosmetic Dermatology)

You can also read the blogs:
‘tips from the beauty top’,
‘Starting the New Year with radiant skin’,
‘Bubbling cauldrons and smoke clouds above the Uncover factory’,
‘Rubbish on the cosmetics market’,
‘The search for your wonder cream’.

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Can wrinkles forecast the risk of bone fracture?

old lady skiingI read about a remarkable study by Yale University in Boston. A couple of months ago Dr. Lubna Pal (Professor in gynecology, obstetrics and fertility) discovered that the more wrinkles someone has in the first years after starting their menopause, the worse their bone quality is. In other words, people with deeper and more wrinkles also appeared to have more fragile bones. This is also true vice versa; people with smooth firm skin actually had stronger bones. You may think yes that’s logical; people that have more wrinkles are older and therefore also have a higher chance of a fracture. Or people who have more wrinkles have these due to bad diet which also has an influence on the strength of the bones! But the investigation revealed that this relationship was not caused by factors such as age or diet.

Better to be safe than sorry

According to Pal this finding is very important as it is a simple and quick way to identify women who may suffer from osteoporosis and can greatly benefit from taking bone strengthening medicine. And although a special board is maybe a little bit over the top, I’ll make sure when I’m next on a piste that I make a wide turn when I see a lot of wrinkles under a ski hat….

You can read here more about the KEEPS investigation by Lubna Pal.

Regards Jetske.

(Dr. Jetske Ultee-Research Physician Cosmetic Dermatology)

You can also read the blogs:
‘wrinkles through obesity’,
‘Older through glass’,
Anti-wrinkle creams’,
Is there a cure for bags?’,
The impact of smoking; twins’,
Anti-oxidants in cosmetic products’ and
‘Enlarged pores stay enlarged pores’.

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